تحلیل فضایی مخاطرات محیطی

تحلیل فضایی مخاطرات محیطی

تحلیل فضایی آسیب پذیری محیطی در سطح منطقه‌ای با رویکرد برنامه ریزی محیطی: مورد پژوهی، منطقه کرانه شرقی دریاچه ارومیه

نویسندگان
ابوالفضل قنبری
احسان پاشانژاد سیلاب
دانشگاه تبریز
10.29252/jsaeh.5.3.23
چکیده
محیط زیست، توسعه و پایداری سه مفهوم و نگرانی اصلی جهانی در مدیریت فضای زیست انسان در سطوح مختلف فضایی است. آسیب پذیری محیطی و رویکرد ارزیابی آن، چارچوب ارزیابی جامعی از سیستم­ها با منابعی است که تحت تاثیر شرایط طبیعی و همچنین در معرض آسیب پذیری ناشی از فعالیت­های انسان قرار گرفته است. بر همین اساس، هدف اصلی پژوهش حاضر ارایه چارچوبی جامع و بدیع از آسیب پذیری محیطی در سطح پژوهش­های کشور با تلفیق تکنیک­ها و داده­های فضایی است. جهت سنجش وضعیت آسیب­پذیری محیطی منطقه کرانه شرقی دریاچه ارومیه با توجه به نقش آن در استان و همچنین شرایط به وقوع آمده محیطی انتخاب شده است. روش تحقیق پژوهش حاضر تحلیلی-توصیفی و ماهیت هدف آن در نظام برنامه­ریزی بویژه در زمینه تقلیل اثرات آسیب­پذیری و بهبود تاب آوری از نوع کاربردی – توسعه ای است. در این مطالعه، در مجموع 18 معیار در چهار شاخص یا 4 گروه آسیب پذیری ناشی از مخاطرات محیطی، آسیب­های ناشی از شرایط محیطی، آسیب­ پذیری انسان-منشاء و در نهایت آسیب­های ناشی از عوامل آب و هوایی انتخاب گردید. در ادامه با تلفیق و تجمیع شاخص­های قبلی، شاخص کلی آسیب­پذیری محیطی(EVI) در منطقه مورد مطالعه ارایه گردید. نتایج بدست آمده از شاخص­ها در 6 طبقه آسیب پذیری طبقه بندی گردید که طبقه بندی وضعیت نهایی آسیب­پذیری حاکی از پوشش بیش از 50 درصد مساحت منطقه در طبقات آسیب پذیری زیاد و خیلی زیاد می­باشد. در نهایت به منظور برنامه­ریزی و حفاظت محیطی، نتایج بدست آمده در قالب 4 منطقه آسیب پذیری بحرانی(%33)، مناطق حاشیه بحرانی(%31)، مناطق گذر(%20) و مناطق با رویکرد حفاظت(%26) شناسایی و منطقه بندی گردید.
کلیدواژه‌ها
شاخص آسیب پذیری محیطی
برنامه‌ریزی محیطی
سنجش فضایی
منطقه کرانه شرقی دریاچه ارومیه

عنوان مقاله English

Spatial Assessment of Regional Environmental Vulnerability for Environmental Planning in the Eastern Region of Urmia Lake

نویسندگان English

Abolfazl Ghanbari
Ehsan Pashanejhad Silab
University of Tabriz
چکیده English

Environment, development and sustainability are the three significant issues of worldwide concern. Environmental vulnerability and assessment of natural and anthropogenic activities impacts represent a comprehensive evaluation approach. The main purpose of this study is to present a comprehensive and novel framework in order to environmental vulnerability assessment using by spatial data and techniques. The method of this research is analytical-descriptive. The basic premise is that the finding of this study can be applied in the local planning system and policy making process of environmental conservation particularly to cope with rapid environmental change. The environmental vulnerability is defined and governed by four factors: hydro-meteorology signatures, environmental attributes, human activities and natural hazard. Based on data availability and vulnerability status of different areas, there is no general rule for selecting how many variables are required to assess the environmental vulnerability. In this study, 18 variables were taken into account and organized into four aforementioned groups. The process of environmental vulnerability index is proposed to integrate AHP approach, remote sensing indices and GIS techniques. The environmental vulnerability showed distinct spatial distribution in the study area. Furthermore, the distribution of heavy and very heavy vulnerability patterns mainly occur in low and medium lands where the human activities have been developing rapidly and is the nearest region to Urmia lake in the west region.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Environmental Vulnerability Index(EVI)
Environmental Planning
Spatial Assessment
Urmia Lake Eastern Region
GIS
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