تحلیل فضایی مخاطرات محیطی

تحلیل فضایی مخاطرات محیطی

استفاده از شاخص دما در پیش بینی سفیدشدگی جوامع مرجانی (نواحی جنوبی و شمالی خلیج فارس )

نویسندگان
خاطره اژدری معموره 1
امیر گندمکار 1
کیوان کبیری 2
1 دانشگاه ازاد نجف اباد
2 گروه سنجش از دور،پژوهشگاه ملی اقیانوس شناسی و علوم جوی،
10.29252/jsaeh.5.3.41
چکیده
دمای سطح دریا یکی از مؤثرترین پارامترهای فیزیکی است که سلامت گروه های آبسنگ های مرجانی را تحت تأثیر قرار می دهد. پدیده سفید شدگی مرجان ها ((bleaching به دلیل افزایش در مقادیر دما و تغییرات افزایشی در دمای سطح دریا SST در سالهای اخیر بطور گسترده در خلیج فارس اتفاق افتاده و باعث مرگ و میر بسیاری در جوامع مرجانی شده است. اطلاعات دمای سطح دریا نشان دهنده یک ارتباط تنگاتنگ و قطعی بین مقادیر sst و سفیدشدن آبسنگ های مرجانی می باشد.هدف از این پژوهش تعیین یک آستانه دمایی است که میتواند به عنوان یک اخطار و هشدار برای پیش بینی وقوع این پدیده باشد. داده های مربوط به مقادیر دمای هفتگی سطح دریا (SST) با تفکیک مکانی (°1*°1 ) که دراین مطالعه استفاده شده است از سازمان ملی اقیانوسی جوی NOAA و برای یک دوره آماری 35 ساله (2015-1980) استخراج شده است وسپس شاخص درجه گرمای هفتگی ( DHW) نیز برای همان دوره آماری بدست آمده که به کمک آن و همچنین وقایع سفیدشدگی ثبت شده ، اقدام به تعیین آستانه ای برای درجه گرمای هفتگی شد.که به کمک آن بتوان پدیده "سفیدشدگی" را پیش بینی کرد. برای ارزیابی نتایج و بررسی دقت و صحت روش شناسی بکار رفته از تکنیک مهارت پیرس (PSS) در قالب اعداد نشان داده شد.این روش به ما این امکان را میدهد تا کیفیت پیش بینی های بعدی یا پس بینی های قبلی خود را در قالب اعداد نشان دهد.طبق نتایج بدست آمده آستانه دمای هفتگی (DHW) برای منطقه مورد مطالعه 7.13 مشخص شد. که به عنوان هشدار برای پیش بینی سفیدشدن مرجانهای منطقه مورد مطالعه میباشد. مقدار PSS(تکنیک مهارت پیرس) هم 0.72 حاصل شد.که حاکی از مقاومت مرجان های جنوب خلیج فارس در برابر بی نظمی های دمای سطح دریا SST در مقایسه با نواحی شمالی خلیج فارس میباشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
سفیدشدگی
آبسنگ مرجانی
خلیج فارس
آستانه

عنوان مقاله English

Prediction of Bleaching in Coral Reef Communities Using a Temperature Index(Southern and northern Persian Gulf)

نویسندگان English

khatereh Azhdary mamooreh. 1
amir gandomkar 1
keivan kabiri 2
1 Azad University,Najafabad
2 - Department of Marine Remote Sensing,Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science
چکیده English

Sea surface temperature is one of the most effective physical parameters that affects the health of coral reefs communities.High frequency of the bleaching phenomenon has extensively occurred in the Persian Gulf in the recent years due to the increase in temperature and increased changes in the sea surface temperature (SST) resulting in great mortality in the coral communities. The aim of this research is to determinate a temperature threshold which may function as a warning for the incidence anticipation of this phenomenon. Data on the variation of the SST that has been taken from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Information related to bleaching in the regions of the southern Persian Gulf was extracted from the published papers and reports. Each of these sources also has been extracted for a 35-year statistical course (1980-2015) and by the index of degree heating weeks (DHWs) determined for the same statistical course in this research for the assessment and anticipation of bleaching phenomenon. For reviewing of the work accuracy, Peirce Skill Score (PSS) technique was used to quantify the accuracy of previous and subsequent anticipations. According to the derived results, DHWs threshold for the study region was determined to be 7.13. the threshold 7.13 for DHW is suggested as a caution threshold for bleaching incidence in southern regions of the Persian Gulf that is whenever the values of weekly positive temperature DHW show number 7.13 and higher, there is an expectation of bleaching phenomenon incidence of corals for these regions. And the score of PSS= 0.72 derived from the amounts of H= 7/8= 0.87 for the Hit rate and F= 4/26= 0.15 for the False alarm rate of the bleaching was obtained for the southern regions of Persian Gulf and study region. In northern regions of the Persian Gulf the threshold 5.3 for DHW is suggested as a caution threshold for bleaching incidence. The rate of pss = 0.62 derived from the amounts of (3/4 = 0.75) for the Hit rate and ( 3/23 = 0.13) for the False alarm rate of the bleaching was obtained for the northern regions of Persian Gulf and study region. Difference in DHWs values of the south and north of Persian Gulf shows more resistance of the corals of south Persian Gulf against DHW changes and SST anomalies. Also the amounts of DHW alongside SST can help more completely to the anticipation of bleaching phenomenon.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Bleaching
Coral reef
Persian Gulf
SST
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