تحلیل فضایی مخاطرات محیطی

تحلیل فضایی مخاطرات محیطی

ارزیابی وضعیت و تحلیل عوامل مؤثر در وقوع فرونشست محدوده شهری و پیرامون شهری گرمسار

نویسندگان
1 عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه علوم انتظامی
2 دانشگاه رازی
3 دانشگاه خوارزمی
4 دانشگاه تهران
چکیده
هدف: فرونشست زمین از جمله مخاطراتی است که بسیاری از دشت­های ایران از جمله دشت­های استان سمنان را دربرگرفته است. با توجه به اینکه مخاطره فرونشست با اثرات زیانبار زیادی همراه است، در این پژوهش به ارزیابی وضعیت فرونشست محدوده شهری و حاشیه شهری گرمسار و تحلیل عوامل موثر در وقوع آن پرداخته شده است.

روش پژوهش: در این تحقیق از تصاویر راداری سنتینل ۱، تصاویر ماهواره لندست و اطلاعات مربوط به منابع آب­های زیرزمینی منطقه به­عنوان مهم­ترین داد­ه­های تحقیق استفاده شده است. مهم­ترین ابزارهای تحقیق، نرم­افزارهای ArcGIS­، GMTو سامانه گوگل ارث انجین بوده است. در این تحقیق ابتدا با استفاده از روش سری زمانی SBAS، نقشه میزان فرونشست منطقه تهیه‌ شده است و سپس به بررسی ارتباط آن با وضعیت افت منابع آب زیرزمینی و نوع کاربری­های اراضی منطقه پرداخته شده است.

یافته‌ها: بر اساس نتایج بدست آمده، محدوده مطالعاتی در طی دوره زمانی یک ساله (از ژانویه ۲۰۲۱ تا ژانویه ۲۰۲۲) بین ۱۲ تا ۷۹ میلی­متر فرونشست داشته که بیش­ترین میزان فرونشست منطقه مربوط به مناطق حاشیه جنوبی شهر گرمسار بوده است.

نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج این تحقیق نشان داده است که میزان افت سالانه منابع آب زیرزمینی در چاه­های جنوبی منطقه بیش از ۲ متر بوده است و با توجه به اینکه بیش­ترین میزان فرونشست نیز مربوط به این مناطق بوده است، بنابراین می­توان گفت دلیل اصلی فرونشست منطقه افت منابع آب زیرزمینی بوده است. همچنین بر اساس نتایج حاصله، توسعه ساخت­و­سازهای انسانی، خصوصا سازه­های سنگین نیز در تشدید فرونشست رخ داده موثر بوده است.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Assessment of the Status and Analysis of Factors Affecting Land Subsidence in Urban and Suburban Areas of Garmsar

نویسندگان English

Mehdi Safari Namivandi 1
Alimohammad Gholami 2
Parastoo GhaforpurAnbaran 3
Kamyar Emami 4
1 University of Police Sciences
2 Razi University
چکیده English

Objective: Land subsidence is one of the hazards that affect many plains in Iran, including the plains of Semnan province. Given that the risk of subsidence is associated with many harmful effects, this study evaluates the subsidence situation in the urban area and urban outskirts of Garmsar and analyzes the factors affecting its occurrence.

Methods: In this research, Sentinel 1 radar images, Landsat satellite images and information related to groundwater resources of the region have been used as the most important research data. The most important research tools have been ArcGIS, GMT and Google Earth Engine software. In this research, first, using the SBAS time series method, a map of the subsidence rate of the region has been prepared and then its relationship with the decline of groundwater resources and the type of land uses of the region has been investigated.

Results: Based on the results obtained, the study area has subsided between 12 and 79 mm during a one-year period (from January 2021 to January 2022), with the highest rate of subsidence in the southern outskirts of Garmsar city.

Conclusions: The results of this study also showed that the annual decline in groundwater resources in the southern wells of the region was more than 2 meters, and given that the highest rate of subsidence was also related to these areas, it can be said that the main reason for the subsidence of the region was the decline in groundwater resources. Also, based on the results, the development of human constructions, especially heavy structures, has been effective in intensifying the subsidence that has occurred.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Subsidence
environmental factors
SBAS
time series Garmsar
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