تحلیل فضایی مخاطرات محیطی

تحلیل فضایی مخاطرات محیطی

فراتحلیل پیرامون کاربرد مدل های تحلیل فضائی در سنجش مخاطرات شهری

نویسندگان
دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
چکیده
مدل­ های تحلیل فضایی به ارائه الگو و راهکار واحدی برای حل مسائل مختلف حوزه مطالعه­ ای می پردازد، یکی از کاربردهای این مدل­ ها در سنجش مخاطرات شهری است. در سال­ های اخیر با وقوع بحران­ های مختلف در جوامع شهری، سیستم مدیریت­ شهری و طرح­های توسعه­ ای در پی دسترسی به الگوهای پیشگیری و مقابله با این بحران­ ها هستند، هدف این پژوهش مرور ادبیات پیرامون کاربرد مدل های تحلیل فضائی در سنجش مخاطرات شهری به شیوه فراتحلیل است، بنابراین این پژوهش با بررسی و جمع­ بندی مقالات خارجی انجام­ یافته(جامعه آماری پژوهش) در رابطه با این موضوع در پی شناسائی، تجزیه و تحلیل و جمع­بندی راهکارهای پیشینه ­های مورد بررسی است. بحث جامعه آماری با چهار سنجه استاندارد تحلیل فضائی، شامل: توصیف و شناسائی پراکندگی مخاطرات، استدلال پراکندگی مخاطرات، درون­یابی و برنامه­ریزی فضائی صورت می­گیرد. جامعه آماری پژوهش، تحقیقات و مقالات نمایه شده در پایگاه ­های علمی Sciencdirect، Willey، Web of Science در بازه سال 2021-2000 است که از بین 99 مقاله، 78 مقاله به شیوه غربال­گری مطابق اهداف و شاخص ­های پژوهش انتخاب و مورد تحلیل قرار گرفته ­اند. تحلیل به دو صورت آمار توصیفی در نرم ­افزار SPSS و آمار استنباطی در نرم ­افزار جامع فراتحلیل CMA2 صورت گرفت. برای پاسخگویی به سوالات پژوهش که بدنبال چگونگی کاربرد هر یک از این چهار مولفه در پژوهش­ های گذشته است، محقق برای هر مولفه به سنجش اندازه اثر(شاخص اندازه اثر r)، سوءگیری انتشار تحقیقات(آماره­های QوI2)، ناهمگونی تحقیقات(آزمون رگرسیون ایگر، تعداد ناکامل بی­ خطر و اصلاح و برازش دووال توئیدی) و متغیرهای تعدیل­ کننده در تحقیقات بررسی شده است. نتایج حاکی از آن است که درمجموع در مولفه توصیفات پراکندگی مخاطرات، اغلب تحقیقات در مدل ­های بکار برده شده خود نتوانسته ­اند توصیف عمومی ملموس و مناسبی را ارائه دهند، اما در مولفه­ های استدلال پراکندگی، درون­یابی و برنامه­ریزی فضایی مخاطرات شهری بنا به نمره میانگین اندازه اثر، مدل­ های کاربردی بکار برده شده در تحقیقات به طور نسبی توانسته­ اند با مدل کاربردی تحلیل فضایی در تحقیقشان توجیه مناسب و نتایج ملموسی ارائه بدهند.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

A meta-analysis on the application of spatial analysis models in measuring urban hazards

نویسندگان English

Alireza Mohammadi
Lotfollah Maleki
Ghasem Fathi
Mohaghegh Ardabili University
چکیده English

Spatial analysis models provide a single model and solution to solve various problems in the field of study, one of the applications of these models is in measuring urban risks. In recent years, with the occurrence of various crises in urban communities, the urban management system and development plans are seeking access to models of prevention and dealing with these crises. The purpose of this research is to review the literature about the use of spatial analysis models in measuring urban risks in a meta-analytical way, so this research is conducted by reviewing and summarizing foreign articles (research statistical community) in relation to this issue in order to identify, analyze and Analyzing and summarizing the solutions of the investigated backgrounds.

The statistical population is discussed with four standard criteria of spatial analysis, including description and identification of hazard dispersion, hazard dispersion argument, interpolation, and spatial planning. The statistical population is research, studies, and articles indexed in Sciencdirect, Willey, Web of Science databases in the period 2021-2000. Out of 99 articles, 78 articles have been selected and analyzed by screening method according to research objectives and indicators. The analysis was performed in two ways: descriptive statistics in SPSS software and inferential statistics in CMA2 comprehensive meta-analysis software.

The results indicate that in the component of hazard dispersion descriptions, most of the researches in their used models have not been able to provide a tangible and appropriate general description, but in the three components of hazard dispersion, interpolation, and spatial planning of urban hazards based on score The average effect size, the applied models used in the research, have been able to provide a proper justification and tangible results with the applied model of spatial analysis in their studies.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

The meta-analysis
Spatial analysis
Urban hazards
Analysis model
CMA2
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