تحلیل فضایی مخاطرات محیطی

تحلیل فضایی مخاطرات محیطی

بررسی و پایش آلایندهای جوی بر روی ایران با استفاده از ماهواره سنتینل 5

نویسندگان
دانشگاه یزد
چکیده
آلودگی هوا می تواند اثرات منفی جدی بر سلامت انسان از جمله بیماری های قلبی عروقی و تنفسی داشته باشد. پایش و کنترل آلاینده های هوا برای حفاظت از سلامت عمومی و محیط زیست بسیار مهم است. کشور ایران مانند بسیاری از کشورهای در حال توسعه با آلودگی هوا به ویژه در کلان شهرها و شهرهای صنعتی خود مواجه است. یکی از ابزارهای قدرتمند در پایش آلودگی هوا، روش های مبتنی بر سنجش از دور می باشد.هدف این مطالعه استفاده از داده‌های ماهواره‌ای با وضوح نسبتاً بالا برای پایش کیفیت هواو میزان آلودگی هوا با استفاده از تصاویر سنجنده سنتینل-5(Sentinel-5P)است.در این مطالعه، پایشی جامع براساس مقادیر برخی از مهمترین آلاینده ­های هوا (از جمله AI،O3،NO2،SO2,CH4وCO با استفاده از تصویرهای ماهواره سنتینل-5 برای کشور ایران در سالهای 2019 -2023 صورت گرفته است. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد ، که انتشار گاز های مونو اکسید کربن و دی اکسید گوگرد روند کاهشی(در ماه های ژوئن بعنوان نمونه ماه مورد بررسی) داشته ، اما گاز دی اکسید نیتروژن،گاز متان، گاز ازن و آئروسلها روند افزایشی را طی ماه های ژوئن 2021 تا 2023 داشته اند. به طور کلی، آلودگی هوا در بخش‌های شمالی کشور، به‌ویژه در شهرهای بزرگ و چند تجمع بزرگ شهری بسیار جدی‌تر است، در مطالعه حاضر ، بررسی شد که چگونه سطح شش آلاینده هوا در کشور ایران در ماه های ژوئن 2019 تا 2023 متغیر و متفاوت هستند. از دیگر نتایج مهم این تحقیق این است که در مجموع میزان آلودگی هوا در سالهای 2020-2023 در مقایسه با سال 2019 با روندی افزایشی مواجه شده است. همچنین پایش صورت گرفته بوسیله تصویرهای ماهواره سنتینل-۵ نشان می ­دهد که در سال های اخیر، تهران آلوده ­ترین هوا را به لحاظ مجموع گازهای مونوکسید کربن، دی اکسید نیتروژن، دی اکسید گوگرد و ذرات معلق (گرد و غبار) داشته است. همچنین تغییرات غلظت آلاینده ها از الگوی خاصی تبعیت نمی‌کند. همچنین مشخص شد سامانه GEE قادر است حجم زیادی از داده ها را در زمان بسیار اندک با دقت بالا پردازش کند.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Investigation and monitoring of atmospheric pollution over Iran using Sentinel 5 satellite

نویسندگان English

Kamal omidvar
rohollah yousefi ramandi
hajar toofani
Yazd University
چکیده English

Air pollution can have serious negative effects on human health, including cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. Monitoring and controlling air pollutants is very important to protect public health and the environment. Like many developing countries, Iran is facing air pollution, especially in its big cities and industrial cities. One of the powerful tools in air pollution monitoring is remote sensing methods. The aim of this study is to use relatively high-resolution satellite data to monitor air quality and air pollution using Sentinel-5 (Sentinel-5P) sensor images. In this study, a comprehensive monitoring based on the values of some of the most important air pollutants (including AI, O3, NO2, SO2, CH4 and CO) has been done using Sentinel-5 satellite images for Iran in 2019-2023. The results of this research showed that the emission of carbon monoxide and sulfur dioxide gases had a decreasing trend (in the months of June as an example of the examined month), but nitrogen dioxide gas, methane gas, ozone gas and aerosols had an increasing trend during the month. from June 2021 to 2023. In general, air pollution is more serious in the northern parts of the country, especially in big cities and several large urban gatherings. In this study, it was investigated how the levels of six air pollutants in Iran vary and differ from June 2019 to 2023. Another important result of this research is that the total amount of air pollution in 2020-2023 has faced an increasing trend compared to 2019. Also, the monitoring by Sentinel-5 satellite images shows that in recent years, Tehran has had the most polluted air in terms of carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide and suspended particles (dust). Also, changes in the concentration of pollutants do not follow a specific pattern. It was also found that the GEE system is able to process a large amount of data in a very short time with high accuracy.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Pollutants
Pollution
methane (CH4)
carbon monoxide (CO)
nitrogen dioxide (NO2)
Ozone (O3)
sulfur dioxide (SO2) and aerosol (AI)
Sentinel-5P
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