تحلیل فضایی مخاطرات محیطی

تحلیل فضایی مخاطرات محیطی

پهنه‌بندی‌ خطر ‌وقوع‌ حرکات ‌‌توده‌ای با ‌استفاده ‌از‌‌ روش‌های ‌ارزش‌‌ دهی اطلاعاتی و‌ تراکم ‌سطح در حوضه آبخیزقوچان شیروان

نویسندگان
زینب مجرد
جواد جمال آبادی
نجمه شفیعی
محمد علی زنگنه اسدی
کبری پرک
دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری
10.29252/jsaeh.7.3.147
چکیده
حرکات توده‌ای، از جمله پدیده‌های مورفودینامیک‌اند که تحت تأثیر عوامل مختلفی در سطح دامنه‌های مناطق کوهستانی به وقوع می‌پیوندند. حرکات توده‌ای و ناپایداری دامنه‌ای مخاطرات مهمی برای فعالیت‌های انسانی‌اند که اغلب سبب ازدست رفتن منابع اقتصادی و خسارت دیدن اموال و تأسیسات می‌شوند. این مسائل لزوم پهنه‌بندی خطر حرکات توده‌ای را به عنوان اولین مرحله مدیریت صحیح محیطی این پدیده روشن می‌کند. در این پژوهش به بررسی پهنه‌ی‌ خطر ‌وقوع‌ حرکات ‌‌توده‌ای با ‌استفاده ‌از‌‌ روش‌های ‌ارزش‌‌ دهی اطلاعاتی و‌ تراکم ‌سطح در حوضه آبخیزقوچان- شیروان پرداخته ایم به این منظور ابتدا 12 لایه اطلاعاتی مهم تأثیرگذار در وقوع حرکات توده‌ای از قبیل سنگ شناسی، شیب، ارتفاع، بارش، جهت شیب، فرسایش، اقلیم، فاصله از جاده، فاصله از گسل، فاصله از رودخانه، خاک و کاربری اراضی تهیه و رقومی شدند. از تلفیق نقشه‌های عامل با نقشه زمین‌لغزش‌ها، درصد لغزش در واحدهای مختلف هر نقشه به دست آمد و با محاسبه تراکم سطح، ارزش اطلاعاتی وزن هر یک از عوامل تعیین شد. در نهایت نقشه پهنه‌بندی خطر زمین‌لغزش با ادغام لایه‌های مختلف وزنی در دو مدل مختلف وزن‌دهی اطلاعاتی و مدل تراکم سطح تهیه شد. نتایج حاصل از این بررسی نشان می‌دهد که بخش جنوب غربی حوضه بیشترین میزان زمین‌لغزش را به خود اختصاص داده است. مهمترین عنصر مؤثر در وقوع زمین‌لغزش محدوده، لیتولوژی می‌باشد و مدل تراکم سطح از ارزش 12% بیشتری برخوردار می‌باشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
حوضه آبریز شیروان
روش وزن دهی اطلاعاتی
زمین لغزش
مدل تراکم سطح

عنوان مقاله English

The zoning of the risk of mass movements using information valuation methods and surface density in the ghouchan- Shirvan watershed

نویسندگان English

Zeinab Mojarad
javad jamalabadi
Najmeh Shafiei
mohammad َAli zanganeh asadi
Kobra parak
MA student in Geomorphology, Department of Hydrometeorology and Geomorphology, Faculty of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
چکیده English

Mass movements are among the morphodynamic phenomena that are affected by various factors at the level of the mountainous slopes. Massive movements and instability of the range are important hazards for human activities. Which often leads to the loss of economic resources and damage to property and facilities. These issues highlight the need for zoning the risk of mass movements as the first step in the proper environmental management of this phenomenon. In this research, we investigate the risk zone of mass movements using information estimation and surface density methods in the Watershed--ghochan-Shirvan Basin. For this purpose, at first, 12 important information layers affecting mass movements such as lithology, slope, elevation, rainfall, tide, erosion, climate, distance from the road, distance from fault, distance from the river, soil and land use, and digital They were. From the combination of operating maps with land surveys, the percentage of landslides in different units of each map was obtained. By calculating surface density, the information value of each factor was determined. Finally, a landslide risk zoning map was prepared by integrating different weight weights into two different information weighing models and a surface density model. The results of this study show that the southwestern part of the basin has the highest amount of landslide. Lithology is the most important element in the occurrence of landslides in the range. The surface density model is worth more than 12%.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Shirvan watershed
information weighing method
Landslide
surface density model
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